The economic focus of a dictatorship often depends on the strength of the opposition, as a weaker opposition allows a dictator to extract additional wealth from the economy through corruption. So-called benevolent dictators may allow some level of representation among their populace, either to serve as an advisory body to the dictator's office, or to allow the dictator to delegate part of their authority to the . [13], Building on the work of Juan Linz, Paul C. Sondrol of the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs has examined the characteristics of authoritarian and totalitarian dictators and organized as depicted below:[17], Totalitarianism has been described as a variation of dictatorship characterized by the presence of a single political party and more specifically, by a powerful leader who imposes personal and political prominence. Dictatorship Government Hitler Nazi Germany. dictatorship, Form of government in which one person or an oligarchy possesses absolute power without effective constitutional checks. The rights of the people are typically suppressed in a dictatorship, sometimes to a great degree. Saudi Arabia, Iran, Afganistan Theocracy A dictatorship is a government or a social situation where one person makes all the rules and decisions without input from anyone else. [100] In 1973, King Sobhuza II of Swaziland suspended the constitution and ruled as an absolute monarch. The totalitarian dictatorship in thePeoples. In them, a single individual presents himself as the leader who takes control of the countryThis may come from the armed forces or from a political party.In addition, this form of government can start from any political party or ideology. [1580-90] As a sort of followup to my previous two posts that generated some quite interesting discussions, I've been mulling over the best . Rules are not created over sections of the society in a democracy. The seizure group may be military or political, it may be organized or disorganized, and it may disproportionately represent a certain demographic. They may be military officers, party members, or friends and family of the dictator. the office or position held by a dictator. In this example of dictatorship, an opportunistic leader took power without the need for violence, but by persuading the people with deceptions. Strong opposition groups can result in the collapse of a dictatorship through a coup or a revolution. They differ from other forms of dictatorships in their access to key political positions, other fruits of office, and depend much more on the discretion of the dictator. The predominance of violent force in military training manifests in an acceptance of violence as a political tool and the ability to organize violence on a large scale. [43] Due to the lack of accountability and the smaller group of elites, personalist dictatorships are more prone to corruption than other forms of dictatorship. Personalist dictatorships are more common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to less established institutions in the region. noun 0 0 Advertisement Islamic Republic A republic government based on the laws of Islam. We explain what a dictatorship is and what de facto regimes are like. (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary 10th Edition) 1 : The office of dictator. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [148][149][150], Military dictatorships remained prominent in Latin America during the Cold War, though the number of coups declined starting in the 1980s. Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. To enact policy, a dictator must either appease the regime's elites or attempt to replace them. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index is seen as an example of the minimalist approach, whereas the Polity data series is more substantive. [186], Most dictatorships hold elections to maintain legitimacy and stability, but these elections are typically uncompetitive and the opposition is not permitted to win. The Dictatorship Revived. His successor, scar Carmona, chose to give control of finances to economics professor Antnio de Oliveira Salazar. Accessed 8 Nov. 2022. Updates? [46] Negotiated removals are more likely to end in democracy, while removals by force are more likely to result in a new dictatorial regime. [171] Belarus under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko has been described as "the last European dictatorship",[172][173] though the rule of Vladimir Putin in Russia has also been described as a dictatorship. totalitarian regimes and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with varied classifications of hybrid systems. Control of the media is an effective tool to instill in thepopulation, through persuasion and lies, positive characteristics of the dictator leader who is presented as the protector and benefactor of the people. Stability in a dictatorship is maintained through coercion, which involves the restriction of access to information, the tracking of the political opposition, and acts of violence. Authoritarian dictatorships, also known as personalist dictatorships, are one of the most prevalent types. A dictatorship's success is determined by the morality and personality of the leader. a country, government, or the form of government in which absolute power is exercised by a dictator. [102] Libya was ruled by Muammar Gaddafi for several decades following a military coup. [26] According to this tradition there are three types of dictatorships. In some instances, a group of nations or communities could be governed under a dictatorship instead of a single nation. The suppression of the division of powers. Freebase (4.44 / 9 votes) Rate this definition: Military dictatorship Van den Bosch, Jeroen J. J., Personalist Rule in Africa and Other World Regions, (London-New York: Routledge, 2021), pp. [157], In South America, a 1948 military coup in Venezuela established the dictatorship of Marcos Prez Jimnez who ruled until 1958. They are more likely to end in violence and less likely to democratize than other forms of dictatorship. [77], Benito Mussolini was the first fascist dictator. 1988: Dictatorship and the decline of parliament. The form of government does not correlate with the amount of economic growth, and dictatorships on average grow at the same rate as democracies, though dictatorships have been found to have larger fluctuations. Dictatorship in Brazil in Historiographical Context. [34] One-party dictatorships are distinct from political parties that were created to serve a dictator; the ruling party in a one-party dictatorship permeates every level of society. 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'. A nation, government, or form of government in which absolute power is wielded by a dictator. [80] Over the following six months, Hitler and the Nazi Party obtained absolute power through a combination of electoral victory, violence, and emergency powers, assuming the office of president in addition to chancellor and taking the title of Fhrer. [91] Juan Vicente Gmez ruled Venezuela as a dictator from 1908 until his death in 1935. A dictatorship is a government or a social situation where one person makes all the rules and decisions without input from anyone else. b : a government organization or group in which absolute power is so concentrated. Military dictators may also be less trusting or diplomatic and underestimate the use of bargaining and compromise in politics. 1 : the office of dictator. [175] Generally, two research approaches exist: the minimalist approach, which focuses on whether a country has continued elections that are competitive, and the substantive approach, which expands the concept of democracy to include human rights, freedom of the press, and the rule of law. Since the role was forced upon him following the death of his brother in 1994, Assad has worked toward removing the autocratic leaders of his fathers time within the government system. [5], The dictator exercises broad power over the government and society, but other individuals are necessary to carry out the dictator's rule. He was dictator until Albania was occupied in World War II. The result is that such regimes have no internal checks and balances, and are thus unrestrained when exerting repression on their people, making radical shifts in foreign policy, or starting wars with other countries. SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases Systems of government a reign of terror idiom absolutism ancien rgime Dictatorships are authoritarian or totalitarian and can be classified as military dictatorships, one-party dictatorships, personalist dictatorships, or absolute monarchies.[2]. 2 : Autocratic rule, control, or leadership. Find 12 ways to say DICTATORSHIP, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. Many are noted for their cruelty, while others are honored as national heroes. [166], Operation Condor was a secret intelligence agreement developed by Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet with his secret police and intelligence organizations. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla took power in a 1953 coup and ruled until 1957. [40][41] These dictatorships often emerge either from loosely organized seizures of power, giving the leader opportunity to consolidate power, or from democratically-elected leaders in countries with weak institutions, giving the leader opportunity to change the constitution. The dictator is characterized by not allowing them to oppose his decisions or ideas and by having absolute authority and power. More complex economies require additional cooperation between the dictator and other groups. North Vietnam conquered South Vietnam at the end of the Vietnam War, and the two merged into a single Communist country. Freedom House ranked the freedom afforded to citizens of 195 countries, and 15 territories for the year 2015. [56], Japan and Korea saw several military dictatorships during the post-classical era. [34] Due to the structure of their leadership, one-party dictatorships are significantly less likely to face civil conflict, insurgency, or terrorism than other forms of dictatorship. Governance: Nothing is more important than the state. These include Albania, Belgium, the Czech lands, Denmark, France, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Norway, the Slovak Republic, Yugoslavia and The Soviet Union. Stability can be weakened when opposition groups grow and unify or when elites are not loyal to the regime. Scores given in these freedom evaluations range from 1, which indicates the least free conditions, to 100, which indicates the most free conditions. It begins with the worst of the worst: At the top of the list, Syria is a deeply divided country, ruled by an ostensibly elected president, Bashar al-Assad. [168], There are currently over 50 dictatorships around the world. It is also calledde facto government, that is, power is exercised in practice, but it is not supported by any legal norm and does not present the division of powers,executive, legislative and judicial. [97] In Paraguay, Higinio Mornigo established himself as a military dictator in 1940 and ruled until 1948. [129], Southeast Asia was influenced by China during the Cold War, and three Communist dictatorships were formed in the region: North Vietnam, Laos, and Kampuchea. The de facto government can come to power through acoup with the support of the armed forces or through fraud. [131] Ferdinand Marcos ruled Philippines as a dictator until the People Power Revolution in 1986. 3 a : A form of government in which absolute power is concentrated in a dictator or a small clique. The word dictatorship comes from the Latin in whichdictarerefers to dictate and the suffixurarefers to activity. Freedom House, the Polity data series, and the Democracy-Dictatorship Index are three of the most used data series by political scientists. [140] The Czechoslovak government was replaced by the Ninth-of-May Constitution, which maintained a facade of democracy while the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia held authority. By definition, a dictatorship is an absolute authority in any sphere. [160] A 1968 military coup established a military dictatorship in Peru until 1980,[161] and in 1992, Alberto Fujimori carried out a self-coup in Peru. This example of dictatorship breakdown and opposition is, to date, one of the largest and far-reaching tragedies affecting people on a global scale. Hitlers party, the Nazi party, was especially appealing to the youth coming into adulthood, the unemployed, and the everyday people in the lower-middle class. The composition of this group affects how power is seized and how the eventual dictatorship will rule. Politics in a dictatorship take place between the dictator, the inner circle, and the opposition, which may be peaceful or violent. This violence gets justification due to the commitment to the state ideology. [6] The inner circle's support is necessary for a dictator's orders to be carried out, causing elites to serve as a check on the dictator's power. Geddes, B. It has fewer advantages than disadvantages Advantages Low crime rates. Military dictatorships are more prone to conflict due to the inherent military strength associated with such a regime, and personalist dictatorships are more prone to conflict due to the weaker institutions to check the dictator's power.
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