Howard accepted and asked Ruby if he could think of anything that might damage his defense. He sometimes took his shirt or other clothes off in social gatherings, and then either hit his chest like a gorilla or rolled around the floor. It wouldn't matter which side, just [whichever] one that would pay him the most." Kantor also reported that Ruby might have tampered with evidence while at Parkland. "[65]:158[5]:458459. Ruby was the fifth of his parents' 10 surviving children. ATF is responsible for regulating explosives, including display fireworks, to prevent the mishandling and illegal use of explosive materials. 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[43]:192 Goaded by the Warren Commission's dismissal of his testimony, Kantor researched the Ruby case for years. [40], After his arrest, Ruby said that he had been distraught over President Kennedy's death and had helped the city of Dallas "redeem" itself in the eyes of the public, and that he was "saving Mrs. Kennedy the discomfiture of coming back to trial". On October 5, 1966, the court ruled that his motion for a change of venue before the original trial court should have been granted. [43]:44[44]. The residents of southeastern San Diego say city policies violate state and federal housing laws and wrongly concentrate low-income housing. HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. Ruby looked him straight in the eye and said, "Well, I intended to shoot him three times." [Then] one day when I started to leave, Ruby shook hands with me and I could feel a piece of paper in his palm [In this note] he said it was a conspiracy and he said if you will keep your eyes open and your mouth shut, you're gonna learn a lot. Refill prescriptions online, order items for delivery or store pickup, and create Photo Gifts. [13][14] He had been involved in the underworld activities of illegal gambling, narcotics, and prostitution. [6], In the 1940s, Ruby frequented race tracks in Illinois and California. On Friday night, TV newsman Vic Robertson Jr. saw Ruby at police headquarters and said that he "appeared to be anything but under stress or strain. Ruby, who was sensitive to antisemitism, was distressed that an ad attacking the President was signed by a person with a "Jewish name". [5]:332, From his early childhood, Ruby was nicknamed "Sparky" by those who knew him. [41]:209212, Eventually, the appellate court agreed with Ruby's lawyers that he should be granted a new trial. )[6] Other accounts say that the name was given because of his quick temper. SZENSEI'S SUBMISSIONS: This page shows a list of stories and/or poems, that this author has published on Literotica. "[19], Former Dallas County Sheriff Steve Guthrie told the FBI that he believed Ruby "operated some prostitution activities and other vices in his club" since living in Dallas. There about 24-25 states that sell year round. [38], A network television pool camera was broadcasting live to cover the transfer; millions of people watching on NBC witnessed the shooting as it happened and on other networks within minutes afterward. "[24] A reporter told Oswald that he had been charged and Oswald reacted shocked. [48], Ruby died of a pulmonary embolism, secondary to bronchogenic carcinoma, on January 3, 1967, less than a month after his cancer diagnosis, at Parkland Hospital, the same facility where Oswald and Kennedy died. In fact, nobody has said that to me yet. and Oswald answered, his voice breaking, "No, I have not been charged with that. [79] According to author Vincent Bugliosi, both the Warren Commission and the House Select Committee on Assassinations determined all of these calls were related to Ruby seeking help from the American Guild of Variety Artists in a matter concerning two of his competitors. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Industry Advisory for Retailers of Fireworks. In the light of the identity of some of the individuals with whom Ruby spoke, however, the possibility of other matters being discussed could not be dismissed. Ruby's conviction was overturned by the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals on the grounds that "an oral confession of premeditation made while in police custody" should have been ruled inadmissible, because it violated a Texas criminal statute. During the six months following Kennedy's assassination, Ruby repeatedly asked, orally and in writing, to speak to the members of the Warren Commission. [7] Ruby later went on to manage various nightclubs, strip clubs, and dance halls. Early next morning, Ruby, while driving, noticed a political billboard featuring the text "IMPEACH EARL WARREN" in block letters. [82], In 1979, fifteen years after the Warren report, the House Select Committee on Assassinations undertook a similar investigation of Ruby and said that he "had a significant number of associations and direct and indirect contacts with underworld figures" and "the Dallas criminal element" but that he was not a "member" of organized crime.[83]. [10], The commission received reports of Ruby's penchant for violence. Ruby was described by those who knew him as "a kook", "totally unpredictable", "a psycho", and "suffering from some form of disturbance". Ruby told his attorney that he " had been involved with Davis, who was a gunrunner entangled in anti-Castro efforts". A year after his conviction, in March 1965, Ruby conducted a brief televised news conference in which he stated: "Everything pertaining to what's happening has never come to the surface. When COVID-19 forced millions to stay at home, board game sales exploded. Get the latest breaking news across the U.S. on ABCNews.com [93] An FBI report states that Willens's father had been Tony Accardo's next door neighbor going back to 1958. Display Fireworks Display fireworks are the large fireworks "[69], Russell Moore, an acquaintance of Ruby, testified to the Commission that Ruby expressed no bitterness towards Oswald and called him "a good looking guy" comparing him to Paul Newman. The regulations at 27 CFR, Part 555, require that any person engaging in the business of importing, manufacturing, dealing in, receiving or transporting display fireworks must first obtain a federal explosives license or permit from ATF for the specific activity. "[22], According to the people interviewed by law enforcement and the Warren Commission, Ruby was desperate to attract attention to himself and to his club. [5]:359361,226[76], Dallas Deputy Sheriff Al Maddox claimed: "Ruby told me, he said, 'Well, they injected me for a cold.' Read latest breaking news, updates, and headlines. Ruby was one of several people there who spoke up to correct Wade, saying, "Henry, that's the Fair Play for Cuba Committee", a pro-Castro organization. According to an unnamed Associated Press source, Ruby made a final statement from his hospital bed on December 19, 1966, that he alone had been responsible for the murder of Oswald. [77] 6H ago Closest known black hole to Earth discovered 1,600 light-years away His voice breaking, Ruby said that he could not understand "how a great man like that could be lost". A reporter asked Oswald, "Did you kill the President?" He seemed happy, jovial, was joking and laughing". The fights would often end with Ruby throwing his victims down the club's stairs. [41]:201 At the time Ruby visited him, in August 1959, McWillie was supervising gambling activities at Havana's Tropicana Club. [23]:334335, According to the Warren Commission, Ruby arrived back at the Carousel Club shortly before 1:45p.m. to notify employees that the club would be closed that evening. [31] At 11:21a.m. CSTwhile authorities were escorting Oswald through the police basement to an armored car that was to take him to the nearby county jailRuby emerged from a crowd of reporters with his .38 Colt Cobra revolver[32] aimed at Oswald's abdomen and shot him at point blank range, mortally wounding him. 917. The HSCA said that Ruby had known Chicago mobster Sam Giancana (19081975) and Joseph Campisi (19181990) since 1947, and had been seen with them on many occasions. Warren Commission lawyer Burt Griffin later told author Gerald Posner: "I'm not sure if Senator was honest with us about his relationship with Ruby. I said you don't believe that bullshit. Ruby and FBI Hall & Clements in Dallas Jail, House Select Committee on Assassinations Hearings, "Chapter 5: Detention and Death of Oswald", "The Gun That Killed Lee Harvey Oswald: .38 Colt", Official Autopsy Report of Lee Harvey Oswald, "Autopsy Shows Oswald Healthy; Little of History of Slayer Is Revealed", "President's Assassin Shot To Death In Jail Corridor By A Dallas Citizen; Grieving Throngs View Kennedy Bier", "Possible Associations Between Jack Ruby and Organized Crime", "Ruby Buried in Chicago Cemetery A longside Graves of His Parents", Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy, Appendix 16 1964, "Warren panel's counsel: Stone's 'JFK' film a 'big lie', "Jack Ruby told FBI informant to "watch the fireworks" day JFK died: Documents", Kantor Exhibit No. The commission initially showed no interest. He explained that this grief was caused by him being an admirer of President Kennedy and the Kennedy family. 9, p. 336, par. It would not have been hard for the mob to maneuver Ruby through the ranks of a few negotiable police [to kill Oswald]. In 1964, Robert H. Jackson of the Dallas Times Herald was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Photography for his image of the shooting of Lee Harvey Oswald by Jack Ruby. Jack Ruby --Mobster, Intelligence Agent, or Small-time Hustler? Get information on latest national and international events & more. He had an honorable record and was promoted to Private First Class. HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. [15] He belonged to a Mafia, known as the Yiddish Connection. He added: "I am doomed. [62], White House correspondent Seth Kantor, who was a passenger in President Kennedy's motorcade, testified that after President Kennedy was shot, he had visited Parkland Hospital and that as he entered the hospital, at about 1:30p.m., he felt a tug on his coat. "[35][36] Ruby was immediately subdued by police as a moaning Oswald was carried back into the basement level jail office. [65]:157158, Lieutenant Billy Grammer, a dispatcher for the Dallas Police Department, said he received an anonymous phone call at 3 a.m. on November 24 from a man who knew his name. The time stamp of completion for the cash transaction on the money order was 11:17a.m. Ruby then walked one half block to the nearby Dallas police headquarters, where he made his way into the basement via either the Main Street ramp[30] or a stairway accessible from an alleyway next to the Dallas Municipal Building. The European roots of the United States originate with the English and Spanish settlers of colonial North America during British and Spanish rule Scotch Irish, 4.3 Scots, 4.7 Irish, 7.2 German, 2.7 Dutch, 1.7 French and 2 Swedish). Ruby considered McWillie, who had previously run illegal gambling establishments in Texas, to be one of his closest friends. 2 man in the mob in Dallas, is even more difficult to ignore. Reuters, the news and media division of Thomson Reuters, is the worlds largest multimedia news provider, reaching billions of people worldwide every day. He said it was cancer cells. The Nook: An Investigation of the Assassination of John F. Kennedy. [42] Ruby's friend, Paul Jones, told the FBI that "he doubted that [Ruby] would have become emotionally upset and killed Oswald on the spur of the moment. Combest asked Oswald, "Do you have anything you want to tell us now?" Scheim noted that Jada, a stripper at Ruby's club, during an interview with ABC's Paul Good, remarked "I believe [Ruby] disliked Bobby Kennedy". Armed Poll Watchers in Arizona Heighten Alarm Over Right-Wing Voter Intimidation ATF Ruling 2012-2, Storage in Uncovered Bins. Approves storage of display fireworks in fixed, unmarked, uncovered bins in magazines under specific conditions. [23]:336337, John Newnam, an employee at the newspaper's advertisement department, testified that Ruby became upset over a right-wing anti-Kennedy ad published in the Morning News that was signed by "The American Fact-Finding Committee, Bernard Weissman, Chairman". "[41]:198199[42] Ruby also remarked that "they didn't ask me another question: 'If I loved the President so much, why wasn't I at the parade?'" [95], Four years before the assassination of President Kennedy, Ruby went to see a man named Lewis McWillie in Cuba. [6] His sister, Eva Grant, said that he acquired the nickname because he resembled a slow-moving horse named "Spark Plug" or "Sparky" in the contemporary comic strip Barney Google. Ruby broke into tears at his bond hearing in January 1964, as he talked to reporters regarding the assassination of President Kennedy. The anguish over the assassination, Ruby stated, finally "reached the point of insanity", suddenly compelling him to shoot when Oswald walked in front of him in the basement that Sunday morning. [10], Government officials also heard stories of Ruby's eccentric and unstable behavior. [73]:564565[42] [28][29][5]:3501, On November 24, Ruby drove into town with his pet dachshund Sheba (whom he would often jokingly refer to as his "wife") to send an emergency money order at the Western Union on Main Street to one of his employees. Get the latest science news and technology news, read tech reviews and more at ABC News. ATFs regulatory enforcement and investigative programs work closely with industry members to ensure the proper storage and safeguarding of these items. There was no indication that Campisi had engaged in any specific organized crime-related activities.[85]. However, CBD products in the United States cannot contain more than 0.3% THC, which shouldnt be enough to make the user high. [56][23]:373374, Warren Commission investigator David Belin said that postal inspector Harry Holmes arrived unannounced at the Dallas police station on the morning that Ruby shot Oswald and, upon invitation by the investigators, had questioned Oswald, thus delaying his transfer by half an hour. They frequently are, or contain salutes, which create bright flashes of light and/or loud reports. [10], The Warren Commission attempted to reconstruct Ruby's movements from November 21, 1963, through November 24. Harry Hall, Ruby's partner in a gambling operation, told the FBI that "Ruby was the type who was interested in any way to make money" and also said that he "could not conceive of Ruby doing anything out of patriotism". [5]:346[88][89][90][87], Howard P. Willensthe third-highest official in the Department of Justice[91] and assistant counsel to J. Lee Rankinhelped organize the Warren Commission. He claimed that "each time that the boat left with guns and ammunition, Jack Ruby was on the boat. Reporting on information technology, technology and business news. "[58]:361,399 He and others described Ruby as the sort who enjoyed being at "the center of attention", trying to make friends with people and being more of a nuisance. [42], Schiem also noted several people who knew Ruby, who claimed that the patriotic statements Ruby professed were quite out of character. [42] During his testimony, Ruby teared up when talking about a Saturday morning eulogy for President Kennedy, but after composing himself, inexplicably said, "I must be a great actor, I tell you that. Without our even resorting to his family and roommate, all of whom think the suggestion of Ruby being connected to the mob is ridiculous, those who knew him, unanimously and without exception, think the notion of his being connected to the Mafia, and then killing Oswald for them, is nothing short of laughable. That's what he told me, Ruby did. [94] In 1946, Tony Accardo allegedly asked Jack Ruby to go to Texas with Mafia associates Pat Manno and Romie Nappi to make sure that Dallas County Sheriff Steve Gutherie would acquiesce to the Mafia's expansion into Dallas. Ruby's conviction and death sentence were overturned. [10], Some critics have said Ruby was involved in criminal activity,[11][5][12] and linked to organized crime. Breen told her that he had made connections with a large narcotics setup operating between Texas, Mexico, and the East, and that "in some fashion, James got the okay to operate through Jack Ruby of Dallas. [61] Ruby told another FBI informant to "watch the fireworks" shortly before JFK was killed. 2 yr. ago. [65]:152[96][5]:337 The committee also found "circumstantial," but not conclusive, evidence that " Ruby met with [Mafia boss] Santo Trafficante in Cuba sometime in 1959. Information you can trust. Willens also outlined the commission's investigative priorities[92] and terminated an investigation of Ruby's Cuban related activities. Ruby's conviction was later appealed, and he was to be granted a new trial; however, he became ill in prison and died of a pulmonary embolism from lung cancer on January 3, 1967. Later, Ruby replaced attorney Tom Howard with prominent San Francisco defense attorney Melvin Belli, who agreed to represent Ruby pro bono. [57], In Gerald Posner's book Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK, Ruby's friends, relatives and associates claimed that he was upset over President Kennedy's death, even crying on occasions and closing his clubs for three days as a mark of respect. [41]:198200 He also claimed he shot Oswald on the spur of the moment when the opportunity presented itself, without considering any reason for doing so. Stat. He was present at an arranged press meeting with Oswald. Arms-producing companies, also referred to as arms dealers, or as the military Beaird said that the guns were stored in a two-story house near the waterfront, and that he saw Ruby and his associates load "many boxes of new guns, including automatic rifles and handguns" on a 50-foot military-surplus boat. The commission also pointed to contradictory witness testimony and to the lack of video confirmation of Ruby at the scene. [42] At the time of the shooting, Ruby said he was taking phenmetrazine, a central nervous system stimulant. [86], On the night before Kennedy was assassinated, Ruby and Joe Campisi had dinner together at Campisi's restaurant, the Egyptian Lounge. He knew a great number of people in Dallas, but had only a few friends. HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. [87] After Ruby was jailed for killing Lee Oswald, Joe Campisi "regularly visited" Ruby. In a private note to one of his attorneys, Joseph Tonahill, Ruby wrote: "Joe, you should know this. [23] In 1964, the Warren Commission provided a detailed biography of Ruby's life and activities to help ascertain whether he was involved in a conspiracy to assassinate Kennedy. In the note, Ruby claimed he was part of a conspiracy, and that his role was to silence Oswald. Scheim cited in particular a 25-fold increase in the number of out-of-state telephone calls from Jack Ruby to associates of these crime bosses in the months before the assassination. [43]:18. Ruby was known to have been acquainted with both the police and the Mafia. 9, p. 336, par. During conversations, he could change the topic suddenly in mid-sentence. [54] The Commission indicated that there was not a "significant link between Ruby and organized crime"[55] and said he acted independently in killing Oswald. [51][52][53], The Warren Commission found no evidence linking Ruby's killing of Oswald with any broader conspiracy to assassinate Kennedy. OK? All of the states except two have an election denier on the ballot. [16] He had moved from Chicago to Dallas in 1947 with other gangsters who had settled there to take over the prostitution business. [72][42] Announcer Glen Duncan also said that Ruby "was not grieving" and seemed "happy that evidence was piling up against Oswald". These findings were challenged by various critics who suggest that Ruby was involved with major figures in organized crime and that he was acting as part of an overall plot surrounding the assassination of Kennedy. RobertsonV Ex 2 - Copy of an FBI report of an interview with Victor F. Robertson, dated June 9, 1964. "[65]:158[68][5]:353[42], G. Robert Blakey, chief counsel for the House Select Committee on Assassinations from 1977 to 1979, said: "The most plausible explanation for the murder of Oswald by Jack Ruby was that Ruby had stalked him on behalf of organized crime, trying to reach him on at least three occasions in the forty-eight hours before he silenced him forever. Arrangements were underway for a new trial to be held in February 1967[46] in Wichita Falls, Texas, when on December 9, 1966, Ruby was admitted to Parkland Hospital in Dallas, suffering from pneumonia. He developed close ties to many Dallas Police officers who frequented his nightclubs, where he provided them with free liquor, prostitutes and other favors. HSCA Appendix to Hearings, vol. [58], Some writers, including former Los Angeles District Attorney Vincent Bugliosi, dismiss Ruby's connections to organized crime as being highly minimal: "It is very noteworthy that without exception, not one of these conspiracy theorists knew or had ever met Jack Ruby. ("Spark Plug" debuted as a character in the strip in 1922, when Ruby was 11. | FRONTLINE | PBS", "Oswald Not in 1963 MillionName Secret Service File", "FBI Oversight Hearings to the Subcommittee on Civil Rights", "Chapter 6: Investigation of Possible Conspiracy", "Oswald's Ghost | American Experience | PBS", Warren Commission Hearings, vol V, p. 189, FBI Notes of Conference btwn. Beaird said that Ruby "was in it for the money. [49][50] He was buried beside his parents in the Westlawn Cemetery in Norridge, Illinois. That means the impact could spread far beyond the agencys payday lending rule. He turned around to see Jack Ruby, who called him by his first name and shook his hand;[63]:7882[43]:41 he said that he had become acquainted with Ruby while he was a reporter for the Dallas Times Herald newspaper. News in the Last Frontier. Ruby said he wanted to convince President Lyndon Johnson that he was not part of any conspiracy to kill Kennedy. Display fireworks are the large fireworks used in shows, generally under the supervision of a trained pyrotechnician. He said he cried when he heard the President was shot, "cried a great deal" Saturday afternoon and was depressed Saturday night. Of the total Consumer fireworks are classified by DOT as fireworks UN0336 or UN0337. Display fireworks include aerial shells, cakes, candles, and other display pieces that meet the definition of display fireworks in 27 CFR 555.11. [18], A 1956 FBI report stated that their informant, Eileen Curry, had moved to Dallas in January of that year together with her boyfriend, James Breen, after jumping bond on narcotics charges. Oswald shook his head. The select committee thought Campisi's connection to [Carlos] Marcello was telling; he told us, for example, that every year at Christmas he sent 260 pounds of Italian sausage to Marcello, a sort of Mafia tribute. I was framed to kill Oswald. ATFs regulatory enforcement and investigative programs work closely with industry members to ensure the proper storage and safeguarding of these items. He'd be the worst fellow in the world to be part of a conspiracy, because he just plain talked too much. Author Gerald Posner similarly ignores Ruby's ties to Joseph Civello, the organized crime boss in Dallas. Articles pyrotechnic are similar to consumer fireworks in chemical composition and construction but are not intended for consumer use. [4] His troubled childhood and adolescence were marked by juvenile delinquency with time being spent in foster homes. I do not want to die. Display fireworks are classified by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) as fireworks UN0333, UN0334 or UN0335. [4], In 1947, Ruby moved to Dallas, where he and his brothers soon afterward shortened their surnames from Rubenstein to Ruby. "[65]:152153[5]:338, Robert Blakey, who was the chief counsel for the House Select Committee on Assassinations, wrote: "It is difficult to dispute the underworld pedigree of Jack Ruby, though the Warren Commission did it in 1964. Full-spectrum CBD contains all of hemps naturally occurring cannabinoids, and this is going to include THC. The stated reason for this was that the name "Rubenstein" was too long and that he was "well known" as Jack Ruby. [17], Allan Weberman refers to Ruby and other mobsters around him as arms dealers. He had a volatile temper, and often resorted to violence with employees who had upset him. 70.77.395 (2020).) He knew Ruby and described him as a "born loser". Taken by ambulance to Parkland Memorial Hospitalthe same hospital where President Kennedy had died two days earlierOswald died at 1:07p.m.[2], The crowd outside the headquarters burst into applause when they heard that Oswald had been shot. The arms industry, also known as the arms trade, is a global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology.It consists of a commercial industry involved in the research and development, engineering, production, and servicing of military material, equipment, and facilities. "[97][98][5]:335, Blaney Mack Johnson, an FBI informant, said Ruby was "active in arranging illegal flights of weapons from Miami" to pro-Castro forces in Cuba in the early 1950s. [60], Many critics have not accepted the conclusions of the Warren Commission and have proposed several other theories. ", he responded "Yes. [74][42] Jack Kelly, who had known Ruby casually since 1943, "scoffed at the idea of a patriotic motive being involved by Ruby in the slaying of Oswald", and "could not see Ruby" killing Oswald "out of patriotism" but "for publicity When asked by a reporter, "Are these people in very high positions, Jack? Because they contain pyrotechnic compositions classified by ATF as explosive materials, the manufacturing of articles pyrotechnic for commercial purposes requires an ATF manufacturers license. Microsoft pleaded for its deal on the day of the Phase 2 decision last month, but now the gloves are well and truly off. Still a young man, he sold horse-racing tip sheets and various novelties, then acted as a business agent for a local refuse collectors union that later became part of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT). ATF does not regulate the importation, distribution, or storage of completed consumer fireworks, but other federal, state, and local agencies do regulate these items to a varying degree. His relationship with Joseph Campisi, the No. [66][67], Detective Don Archer testified to the Warren Commission that when he said to Ruby, "Jack, I think you killed him." 9, p. 344, assassination of President John F. Kennedy, overall plot surrounding the assassination of Kennedy, a slow-moving horse named "Spark Plug" or "Sparky", John F. Kennedy assassination conspiracy theories, "Jack Ruby sentenced to death for murdering Lee Harvey Oswald", "Assassination Archive and Research Center", "Twenty-Four Years | Who Was Lee Harvey Oswald? CE 1753 - Secret Service report dated December 4, 1963, of interview of Harry Hall at Terminal Island Federal, Labor Difficulties with the American Guild of Variety Artists, Early 1960s, Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives, Chapter I, Section C 1979, "FBI Warren Commission Liaison File (62-109090)", Possible Associations Between Jack Ruby and Organized Crime, "Camper Van Beethoven - Jack Ruby Lyrics", "The Jack Rubies Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More", National Archives and Records Administration, The Warren Commission Report, Appendix XVI: A Biography of Jack Ruby. (referring to the presidential motorcade) and "it's strange that perhaps I didn't vote for President Kennedy, or didn't vote at all, that I should build up such a great affection for him". My first lawyer Tom Howard told me to say that I shot Oswald so that Caroline and Mrs. Kennedy wouldn't have to come to Dallas to testify. The caller told him that he knew of the plan to move Oswald from the basement and warned that unless the plans for Oswald's transfer were changed, "we are going to kill him". ATF is responsible for regulating explosives, including display fireworks, to prevent the mishandling and illegal use of explosive materials. He was drafted in 1943 and served in the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II, working as an aircraft mechanic at U.S. bases until 1946.
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